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Background: Little is known about whether the overlap syndrome OS combining features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD and sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome increases the risk of stroke associated with COPD itself. Spirometry and cardiorespiratory polygraphy were used to assess the pulmonary function of the study population and ultrasound measurements of intima media thickness IMT as well as the volume of plaques in both carotid arteries were also evaluated. Interestingly, the mean volume of atherosclerotic plaques was significantly higher in the left carotid artery of COPD patients with OS 0.
However, regardless of the presence of OS, no significant differences were observed in both presence and volume of atherosclerotic plaques in the right carotid artery of COPD patients. Conclusions: This study suggests that the presence of OS in COPD patients is associated with larger left carotid atherosclerotic plaques, indicating that OS might be screened in all COPD patients to identify those with higher risk of stroke. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD is a chronic respiratory disease with a high global prevalence which is estimated to be currently the third leading cause of death worldwide and the numbers are rising 1 , 2.
Since COPD is a non-curable disease, smoking cessation is the only effective measure to prevent and slow its progression 3. The main endpoints in the COPD therapy are: to attenuate disease symptoms, to reduce the frequency and severity of exacerbations, and to improve the prognosis. Noteworthy, a new chronic respiratory disease combining features of COPD and sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, named overlap syndrome OS , has been described.
Although little is known nowadays about its clinical and prognostic impact, there is a growing evidence that the clinical outcomes of patients with OS may be more deleterious than those of patients with either COPD or sleep apnea alone 4 , 5.
