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Due to the risks associated with using synthetic chemicals in producing all-male tilapia seed, plant-based products are presently considered as safe nature-based alternatives. In the present study, pine pollen PP was utilized to sex inverse Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus , since it contains phytoandrogens that have potential to alter the process of sex differentiation in fish.
However, there is no available data describing the molecular mechanism involved in PP-induced sex inversion of Nile tilapia. To understand the role of PP, the study examined its effect on the expression of sex-related genes: cyp19a1a, foxl2, dmrt1 and amh, in all-female XX individuals, which were fed a basal diet supplemented with 1. This was compared to the expression patterns obtained from fish fed: 1 only a basal diet CT treatment and 2 a basal diet supplemented with 0.
Generally, the expression levels of all genes were altered. While dmrt1 and amh were activated in the PP-treated fish, higher expression was observed in the MT group. This expression pattern was consistent with masculinization levels in the PP and MT treatments. A significantly higher proportion of male individuals However, all the female fish in the CT group remained un-masculinized. Therefore, cyp19a1a and foxl2 were female-biased while dmrt1 and amh were mainly associated with maleness, confirming their role in female and male sex development respectively.
These findings suggest that PP induces sex masculinization of Nile tilapia by activating the expression of both dmrt1 and amh accompanied by attenuation of foxl2 and cyp19a1a. Aquaculture Europe September 27 - 30, Rimini, Italy. Masembe3 , P. Akoll3 , and C. Abstract Due to the risks associated with using synthetic chemicals in producing all-male tilapia seed, plant-based products are presently considered as safe nature-based alternatives.