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Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October Learn More or Try it out now. Given the increasing availability and use of cannabis among individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD and the addition of PTSD as an eligible diagnosis in several U. Linear mixed-effects models and generalized estimating equations tested whether trajectories of symptoms differed between the two subsamples.
A total of participants mean [standard deviation] age, Participants who used cannabis were 2. This study provides evidence that the types of cannabis available in recreational and medical cannabis dispensaries might hold promise as an alternative treatment for PTSD. Randomized placebo-controlled trials are needed to assess safety and determine how different preparations of cannabis impact PTSD and functioning.
As of , 24 U. This reluctance is likely due to the general lack of rigorous prospective epidemiological studies and well-controlled clinical trials demonstrating effectiveness of cannabis as a treatment for PTSD. Accordingly, in order for policy makers, providers, and consumers to make evidence-based decisions, studies are needed to determine whether 1 cannabis can help alleviate PTSD symptoms, 2 any medical benefit from cannabis is sustained over time, 3 PTSD patients who use cannabis through these programs lead more productive lives, and 4 cannabis is safe and well tolerated in this patient population.
A growing body of research suggests that the endocannabinoid eCB system, which includes the primary receptors activated by cannabis' phytocannabinoids, CB1 and CB2, might be directly involved in development and maintenance of PTSD see Hill et al. PTSD's primary neurological hallmarks include hyperactivity of the amygdala and hypoactivity of the medial prefrontal cortex mPFC , 5 features that can also be produced by deficiencies in eCB signaling. While primarily at the pre-clinical stage, this work suggests that at least two of the cannabinoids found in the cannabis plant, deltatetrahydrocannabinol THC and cannabidiol CBD , either individually or in combination, could modulate fear-based learning and fear extinction, either directly or indirectly through activation of the eCB.