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During the latest years, human infertility worsened all over the world and is nowadays reputed as a global public health issue. In this context, one of the most promising strategies is the innovative adoption of extra-physiological materials for advanced sperm preparation methods. Here, by using a murine model, the addition of Graphene Oxide GO at a specific concentration has demonstrated to increase the spermatozoa fertilizing ability in an IVF assay, finding that 0.
Subsequent biochemical characterization of its interaction with male gametes has been additionally performed. As a result, it was found that GO exerts its positive effect by extracting cholesterol from membranes, without affecting the integrity of microdomains and thus preserving the sperm functions.
In conclusion, GO improves IVF outcomes in vitro and in vivo , defining new perspectives for innovative strategies in the treatment of human infertility. In the recent years, our society has witnessed a concerning decay of human fertility, as claimed by the WHO Mascarenhas et al. From a clinical perspective, infertility is defined as the inability of a couple to achieve a pregnancy over 12 months of regular and unprotected sexual intercourse Barratt et al.
In parallel, the use of Assisted Reproduction Technology ART as a specific therapeutic strategy has been characterized by an impressive increase since with the birth of Louise Brown, the first baby conceived by in vitro fertilization IVF in the world and, more recently, thanks to the awarded of Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine for the development of Human In Vitro Fertilization Edwards, A successful fertilization can be achieved by the ICSI Intra-Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection process, an invasive technique in which a spermatozoon is directly injected into an oocyte or by IVF, a more physiological technology in which spermatozoa are free allowed to recognize, interact with and fertilize matured oocytes.